High Court of Australia · 1978 · Find the judgment
All Distinguished 2 Applied or followed 2 Cited 43
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[1998] FCA 143
Distinguished Federal Court of Australia · judgment
[1998] FCA 615
Cited Federal Court of Australia · cited 40× · judgment
[2001] NSWLEC 268
Cited Land and Environment Court of NSW · cited 1× · judgment
[2001] NSWLEC 260
Cited Land and Environment Court of NSW · cited 2× · judgment
[2002] NSWSC 313
Cited Supreme Court of NSW · cited 1× · judgment
[2002] NSWLEC 153
Cited Land and Environment Court of NSW · judgment
[2003] FCA 1552
Cited Federal Court of Australia · judgment
[2004] NSWSC 487
Cited Supreme Court of NSW · cited 8× · judgment
[2004] FCA 1044
Cited Federal Court of Australia · cited 1× · judgment
[2004] FCAFC 275
Cited Federal Court of Australia (Full Court) · judgment
[2005] FCAFC 67
Applied or followed Federal Court of Australia (Full Court) · cited 17× · judgment
[2005] FCA 1289
Cited Federal Court of Australia · judgment
[2005] NSWSC 1286
Cited Supreme Court of NSW · cited 2× · judgment
[2006] FCAFC 56
Cited Federal Court of Australia (Full Court) · judgment
[2006] NSWSC 716
Cited Supreme Court of NSW · cited 3× · judgment
[2006] NSWCA 224
Cited NSW Court of Appeal · cited 30× · judgment
[2006] FCA 1414
Cited Federal Court of Australia · cited 2× · judgment
[2008] NSWADT 79
Cited Administrative Decisions Tribunal (NSW) · cited 5× · judgment
[2008] NSWCA 102
Cited NSW Court of Appeal · cited 5× · judgment
[2008] NSWADT 196
Cited Administrative Decisions Tribunal (NSW) · cited 1× · judgment
[2009] NSWCA 138
Cited NSW Court of Appeal · cited 55× · judgment
[2009] NSWADT 191
Cited Administrative Decisions Tribunal (NSW) · cited 10× · judgment
[2010] NSWADT 114
Cited Administrative Decisions Tribunal (NSW) · cited 9× · judgment
[2010] NSWLEC 130
Cited Land and Environment Court of NSW · cited 3× · judgment
[2011] NSWADT 74
Cited Administrative Decisions Tribunal (NSW) · judgment
[2011] NSWADT 183
Cited Administrative Decisions Tribunal (NSW) · cited 10× · judgment
[2011] NSWADT 250
Cited Administrative Decisions Tribunal (NSW) · cited 6× · judgment
[2011] NSWADT 251
Cited Administrative Decisions Tribunal (NSW) · cited 4× · judgment
[2012] NSWADT 41
Cited Administrative Decisions Tribunal (NSW) · cited 1× · judgment
[2013] NSWADT 96
Cited Administrative Decisions Tribunal (NSW) · cited 2× · judgment
[2015] NSWCATAD 43
Cited NCAT Administrative and Equal Opportunity · cited 3× · judgment
[2015] NSWSC 1844
Cited Supreme Court of NSW · cited 1× · judgment
[2016] NSWSC 332
Cited Supreme Court of NSW · cited 17× · judgment
[2017] NSWCA 11
Cited NSW Court of Appeal · cited 36× · judgment
[2017] NSWCATAD 117
Cited NCAT Administrative and Equal Opportunity · judgment
[2017] FCA 1525
Cited Federal Court of Australia · cited 2× · judgment
[2018] FCAFC 122
Applied or followed Federal Court of Australia (Full Court) · cited 6× · judgment
[2020] NSWSC 330
Cited Supreme Court of NSW · cited 9× · judgment
[2020] NSWSC 1798
Cited Supreme Court of NSW · cited 4× · judgment
[2022] FCA 281
Cited Federal Court of Australia · cited 1× · judgment
[2023] NSWLEC 62
Cited Land and Environment Court of NSW · cited 2× · judgment
[2023] FCAFC 129
Cited Federal Court of Australia (Full Court) · cited 2× · judgment
[2024] NSWCA 107
Distinguished NSW Court of Appeal · judgment
[2024] HCA 20
Cited High Court of Australia · cited 2× · judgment
[2024] NSWCATAD 231
Cited NCAT Administrative and Equal Opportunity · judgment
[2024] HCA 36
Cited High Court of Australia · cited 1× · judgment
[2025] HCA 32
Cited High Court of Australia · judgment
Later cases citing this one, in order of decision, and the cases citing them in turn. The most cited are shown at each level.
[1998] FCA 615 Cited cited 40×[2003] FCA 709 Cited cited 42×[2003] NSWSC 1003 Cited cited 31×[2005] FCA 513 Applied or followed cited 7×[2007] FCA 511 Distinguished cited 169×[2010] FCA 508 Cited cited 8×[2018] FCAFC 44 Cited cited 13×[2021] NSWSC 395 Cited cited 9×[2004] NSWSC 487 Cited cited 8×[2004] NSWLEC 669 Cited cited 5×[2006] NSWSC 716 Cited cited 3×[2006] NSWSC 1073 Cited cited 19×[2008] NSWSC 7 Cited cited 10×[2020] NSWCATAP 184 Cited cited 2×[2021] NSWSC 689 Cited cited 3×[2022] NSWSC 49 Cited cited 2×[2005] FCAFC 67 Applied or followed cited 17×[2005] FCAFC 136 Applied or followed cited 4×[2008] FCA 1503 Cited cited 4×[2009] FCA 41 Cited cited 31×[2009] FCA 1224 Cited cited 6×[2013] FCA 363 Cited cited 4×[2013] FCAFC 75 Cited cited 5×[2020] FCAFC 135 Cited cited 5×[2006] NSWCA 224 Cited cited 30×[2006] NSWSC 1073 Cited cited 19×[2008] NSWSC 7 Cited cited 10×[2008] NSWSC 776 Cited cited 2×[2015] NSWCATAP 110 Cited cited 17×[2018] NSWCATAP 34 Cited cited 11×[2021] NSWCATAP 153 Cited cited 9×[2021] NSWCATAP 295 Cited cited 5×[2008] NSWADT 79 Cited cited 5×[2009] NSWADT 200 Cited[2010] NSWADT 289 Cited cited 1×[2011] NSWADTAP 41 Cited cited 12×[2012] NSWADTAP 25 Cited cited 17×[2015] NSWCATAD 189 Cited cited 1×[2008] NSWCA 102 Cited cited 5×[2010] NSWSC 973 Cited[2011] NSWSC 973 Cited cited 2×[2015] NSWSC 1386 Cited[2017] NSWDC 262 Cited[2023] FCA 68 Cited cited 5×[2009] NSWCA 138 Cited cited 55×[2009] NSWCA 292 Cited cited 31×[2009] NSWCA 300 Applied or followed cited 37×[2009] NSWCA 352 Cited cited 19×[2019] NSWLEC 61 Cited cited 70×[2019] NSWCA 130 Applied or followed cited 154×[2021] NSWCA 177 Cited cited 27×[2021] NSWLEC 117 Cited cited 27×[2009] NSWADT 191 Cited cited 10×[2011] NSWADT 74 Cited[2011] NSWADT 183 Cited cited 10×[2011] NSWADT 250 Cited cited 6×[2011] NSWADT 251 Cited cited 4×[2012] NSWADT 94 Cited cited 1×[2014] NSWCATAD 24 Cited cited 1×[2015] NSWCATAD 43 Cited cited 3×[2010] NSWADT 114 Cited cited 9×[2011] NSWADT 73 Cited cited 6×[2011] NSWADT 251 Cited cited 4×[2011] NSWADT 293 Distinguished cited 2×[2012] NSWADT 41 Cited cited 1×[2012] NSWADT 94 Cited cited 1×[2014] NSWCATAD 24 Cited cited 1×[2014] NSWCATAD 166 Cited cited 1×[2011] NSWADT 183 Cited cited 10×[2014] NSWCATAD 73 Cited[2015] NSWCATAD 12 Cited cited 2×[2015] NSWCATAD 43 Cited cited 3×[2015] NSWCATAD 136 Cited cited 3×[2015] NSWCATAD 208 Cited[2016] NSWCATAD 113 Cited cited 6×[2017] NSWCATAD 173 Cited cited 1×[2011] NSWADT 250 Cited cited 6×[2012] NSWADT 119 Cited cited 2×[2012] NSWADTAP 25 Cited cited 17×[2013] NSWSC 89 Cited cited 3×[2014] NSWCATAD 24 Cited cited 1×[2015] NSWCATAD 189 Cited cited 1×[2017] NSWCATAD 117 Cited[2016] NSWSC 332 Cited cited 17×[2016] NSWSC 1637 Cited cited 3×[2017] NSWSC 9 Cited cited 21×[2017] NSWCA 11 Cited cited 36×[2017] NSWCATAD 338 Cited cited 1×[2018] NSWCA 257 Cited cited 7×[2020] NSWSC 330 Cited cited 9×[2023] NSWCATAD 80 Cited cited 5×[2017] NSWCA 11 Cited cited 36×[2017] NSWLEC 75 Cited cited 6×[2017] NSWCATAD 231 Cited cited 6×[2018] NSWCA 257 Doubted cited 7×[2019] NSWCA 34 Cited cited 23×[2019] NSWCATAD 124 Cited cited 5×[2020] NSWSC 330 Cited cited 9×[2021] NSWSC 107 Cited cited 18×[2018] FCAFC 122 Applied or followed cited 6×[2019] FCAFC 53 Cited cited 19×[2022] FCAFC 202 Cited cited 4×[2023] FCAFC 49 Cited cited 22×[2024] FCA 1374 Cited cited 1×[2025] NSWSC 17 Cited[2026] HCA 18 Cited[2020] NSWSC 330 Cited cited 9×[2021] NSWCA 221 Cited[2021] NSWCATAD 315 Cited cited 1×[2022] NSWSC 430 Cited cited 4×[2022] NSWCATAD 154 Applied or followed cited 2×[2023] NSWCATAP 50 Cited cited 2×[2023] NSWCA 44 Applied or followed cited 3×[2024] NSWSC 166 Cited cited 1×This judgment is not in the index, so the authorities it cites are not known here. It is shown because indexed judgments cite it.
Citations are read from the text of each indexed judgment. A report citation written alongside a neutral citation, such as [2008] HCA 9; (2008) 234 CLR 50, teaches the citator that both name the same case, so later citations by either are counted together.
Treatment is read from the words in the sentence that cites the case: overruled or disapproved; not followed or declined to follow; distinguished or distinguishable; doubted; applied, followed or adopted. Anything else is cited. It is a guide to which judgments to read, not a judicial history: a judgment that discusses a case at length without one of those words is shown as citing it, and one mentioning several cases in a sentence may attach the word to all of them.
Only judgments in this index are counted, mostly the High Court, the Federal Court and New South Wales courts and tribunals since 2006. Earlier cases appear as authorities but their own authorities are unknown, so a tree ends there. Check a treatment by reading the passage before relying on it.
Judgment text is from the Open Australian Legal Corpus (Isaacus, CC BY 4.0) and the courts’ own websites. Each judgment links to its official version: read it before relying on anything here.