High Court of Australia · 13 August 2025 · Official judgment
No indexed judgment cites this case yet.
The authorities this case relies on, earliest first, and the authorities those relied on. Open a branch to go further back.
[1938] HCA 69 Cited cited 44×[1948] HCA 28 Cited cited 48×[1954] HCA 20 Cited cited 68×[1979] HCA 32 Cited cited 154×[1994] HCA 43 Cited cited 81×[1996] HCA 34 Cited cited 146×[1936] AC 1 Cited cited 19×[1959] HCA 47 Cited cited 37×(1993) 40 FCR 531 Cited cited 27×[1993] FCA 445 Cited cited 10×[1994] HCA 43 Cited cited 81×[1995] HCA 44 Cited cited 65×[2001] HCA 68 Cited cited 178×(1977) 180 CLR 266 Cited cited 542×[1981] HCA 45 Cited cited 1,021×[1982] HCA 24 Cited cited 1,322×[1985] HCA 78 Cited cited 413×[1995] HCA 24 Cited cited 906×(1977) 180 CLR 266 Cited cited 542×[1982] HCA 24 Cited cited 1,322×[1984] HCA 64 Cited cited 606×[1990] HCA 33 Cited cited 2,077×[2001] HCA 63 Cited cited 455×[1949] HCA 1 Cited cited 909×[1986] HCA 33 Cited cited 1,127×[1992] HCA 10 Cited cited 734×[2000] HCA 63 Cited cited 1,161×[2004] HCA 26 Cited cited 56×[1958] UKPCHCA 1 Cited cited 50×[1977] HCA 11 Cited cited 72×[1994] HCA 43 Cited cited 81×[1996] HCA 34 Cited cited 146×[1959] HCA 47 Cited cited 37×(1993) 40 FCR 531 Cited cited 27×[1994] HCA 43 Cited cited 81×[1995] HCA 44 Cited cited 65×[1999] HCA 7 Cited cited 44×(1987) 11 NSWLR 404 Cited cited 217×[1990] HCA 33 Cited cited 2,077×[1990] HCA 24 Cited cited 274×[1997] HCA 53 Cited cited 233×[2001] HCA 32 Cited cited 48×[1990] HCA 37 Cited cited 65×[1991] HCA 42 Cited cited 80×[1994] HCA 43 Cited cited 81×[1996] HCA 34 Cited cited 146×[2010] FCAFC 94 Cited cited 53×[1988] FCA 119 Cited cited 214×[1990] HCA 3 Cited cited 143×[1993] FCA 456 Cited cited 845×[1996] HCA 34 Cited cited 146×[1959] HCA 47 Cited cited 37×(1993) 40 FCR 531 Cited cited 27×[1994] HCA 43 Cited cited 81×[1995] HCA 44 Cited cited 65×[2006] FCAFC 27 Cited cited 114×[1980] HCA 16 Cited cited 445×[1988] FCA 119 Applied or followed cited 214×[1990] FCA 689 Cited cited 88×[2003] FCAFC 232 Applied or followed cited 192×[2008] HCA 32 Cited cited 202×[1995] HCA 58 Cited cited 1,391×[1998] HCA 28 Cited cited 2,785×[2000] HCA 57 Cited cited 962×[2003] HCA 2 Cited cited 1,335×[2014] HCA 7 Cited cited 680×[1982] HCA 24 Cited cited 1,322×[1984] HCA 64 Cited cited 606×[2000] HCA 65 Cited cited 316×[1984] HCA 64 Cited cited 606×[1985] HCA 75 Cited cited 434×[1991] HCA 12 Cited cited 721×[1999] HCA 3 Cited cited 463×[2001] HCA 70 Cited cited 235×[1982] HCA 24 Cited cited 1,322×[1984] HCA 64 Cited cited 606×[1998] HCA 30 Cited cited 431×[1999] HCA 18 Cited cited 377×[2004] HCA 52 Cited cited 984×[2004] HCA 35 Cited cited 554×[1982] HCA 24 Cited cited 1,322×(1988) 18 NSWLR 540 Cited cited 266×[1997] UKHL 28 Cited cited 163×[2002] HCA 5 Cited cited 208×[2015] HCA 37 Cited cited 531×[2022] HCA 1 Cited cited 72×(1977) 180 CLR 266 Cited cited 542×[1982] HCA 24 Cited cited 1,322×[1995] HCA 24 Applied or followed cited 906×(1977) 180 CLR 266 Cited cited 542×[1982] HCA 24 Cited cited 1,322×[1984] HCA 64 Cited cited 606×[1990] HCA 33 Cited cited 2,077×[1998] HCA 28 Cited cited 2,785×[1981] HCA 26 Cited cited 693×[1994] HCA 15 Cited cited 371×[1995] HCA 20 Cited cited 502×[1997] HCA 4 Cited cited 414×[2014] HCA 7 Cited cited 680×[1982] HCA 24 Cited cited 1,322×[1984] HCA 64 Cited cited 606×[2004] HCA 52 Cited cited 984×[2004] HCA 35 Cited cited 554×[2015] HCA 37 Cited cited 531×Earliest first, with how this judgment treated each.
[1938] HCA 69
Cited cited 44× [1948] HCA 28
Cited cited 48× [1954] HCA 20
Cited cited 68× [1958] HCA 22
Cited cited 10× [1965] HCA 58
Cited cited 34× (1978) 36 FLR 334
Cited [1979] HCA 32
Cited cited 154× [1994] HCA 43
Cited cited 81× (1996) 33 ATR 438
Cited cited 5× [1996] HCA 34
Cited cited 146× [1998] HCA 33
Cited cited 35× [2001] HCA 68
Cited cited 178× [2003] FCAFC 15
Cited cited 17× [2004] HCA 26
Cited cited 56× [2005] HCA 3
Cited cited 24× [2007] FCA 1063
Cited cited 7× [2008] FCAFC 50
Cited cited 17× [2010] FCAFC 94
Cited cited 53× [2011] FCAFC 104
Cited cited 16× [2013] FCAFC 13
Cited cited 9× [2014] HCA 51
Cited cited 9× [2014] HCA 7
Cited cited 680× [2015] HCA 37
Cited cited 531× [2021] FCAFC 86
Cited cited 7× [2021] HCA 39
Cited cited 17× [2022] HCA 1
Cited cited 72× [2022] HCA 39
Cited cited 33× (2023) 117 ATR 328
Cited [2023] FCAFC 142
Cited cited 3× [2023] FCAFC 3
Cited cited 7× (2024) 302 FCR 52
Cited (2024) 418 ALR 1
Cited cited 2× [2024] FCAFC 86
Cited cited 2× [2024] HCA 7
Cited cited 6× Citations are read from the text of each indexed judgment. A report citation written alongside a neutral citation, such as [2008] HCA 9; (2008) 234 CLR 50, teaches the citator that both name the same case, so later citations by either are counted together.
Treatment is read from the words in the sentence that cites the case: overruled or disapproved; not followed or declined to follow; distinguished or distinguishable; doubted; applied, followed or adopted. Anything else is cited. It is a guide to which judgments to read, not a judicial history: a judgment that discusses a case at length without one of those words is shown as citing it, and one mentioning several cases in a sentence may attach the word to all of them.
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