Federal Court of Australia · 28 March 2012 · Official judgment
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[2016] FCAFC 132
Cited Federal Court of Australia (Full Court) · cited 3× · judgment
[2023] FCAFC 142
Cited Federal Court of Australia (Full Court) · cited 3× · judgment
The authorities this case relies on, earliest first, and the authorities those relied on. Open a branch to go further back.
[1905] AC 454 Cited cited 26×[1907] HCA 82 Cited cited 293×[1963] HCA 21 Cited cited 108×(1981) 147 CLR 441 Cited cited 23×(1989) 90 ALR 457 Cited cited 25×[1997] HCA 37 Cited cited 31×[1945] HCA 37 Cited cited 74×[1979] HCA 61 Cited cited 155×[1988] UKHL 12 Cited cited 76×[1990] HCA 8 Cited cited 161×(1990) 19 NSWLR 382 Cited cited 53×[1992] FCA 567 Cited cited 67×[2001] FCA 1833 Cited cited 659×[1982] HCA 24 Cited cited 1,322×[1986] HCA 33 Applied or followed cited 1,127×[1995] HCA 24 Cited cited 906×(1977) 180 CLR 266 Cited cited 542×[1982] HCA 24 Cited cited 1,322×[1984] HCA 64 Cited cited 606×[1990] HCA 33 Cited cited 2,077×[1998] HCA 11 Cited cited 2,226×[1936] HCA 40 Cited cited 4,342×[1990] HCA 59 Cited cited 1,384×[1997] HCA 6 Cited cited 1,033×[1997] HCA 1 Cited cited 613×[1999] HCA 14 Cited cited 844×[1986] HCA 40 Applied or followed cited 2,191×[1990] HCA 33 Cited cited 2,077×[1995] HCA 58 Cited cited 1,391×[1996] HCA 6 Cited cited 2,712×[2001] HCA 17 Applied or followed cited 848×[1938] HCA 34 Cited cited 3,164×[1959] HCA 8 Cited cited 2,918×[1990] HCA 33 Cited cited 2,077×[1996] HCA 6 Cited cited 2,712×[2003] FCA 977 Cited cited 38×[1959] HCA 8 Applied or followed cited 2,918×[1986] HCA 40 Cited cited 2,191×[1996] HCA 6 Applied or followed cited 2,712×[1989] HCA 62 Cited cited 873×[1990] HCA 33 Cited cited 2,077×[1990] HCA 21 Cited cited 736×[1993] FCA 456 Cited cited 845×[1999] HCA 21 Cited cited 971×[2001] NSWCA 305 Cited cited 883×[1990] HCA 47 Cited cited 424×[1993] HCA 78 Cited cited 520×[1999] HCA 3 Cited cited 463×[2001] HCA 29 Cited cited 329×[2001] HCA 17 Cited cited 848×[1938] HCA 34 Cited cited 3,164×[1959] HCA 8 Cited cited 2,918×[1990] HCA 33 Cited cited 2,077×[1996] HCA 6 Cited cited 2,712×[2004] HCA 52 Applied or followed cited 984×[2004] HCA 35 Applied or followed cited 554×[1933] HCA 61 Cited cited 148×[1976] 1 WLR 989 Cited cited 162×[1982] HCA 24 Cited cited 1,322×(1988) 18 NSWLR 540 Cited cited 266×[1997] UKHL 28 Cited cited 163×[2002] HCA 5 Cited cited 208×(1977) 180 CLR 266 Cited cited 542×[1982] HCA 24 Cited cited 1,322×[1984] HCA 64 Cited cited 606×[1999] HCA 14 Cited cited 844×[2009] NSWCA 407 Applied or followed cited 318×[1959] HCA 8 Cited cited 2,918×[1982] HCA 24 Applied or followed cited 1,322×[1998] HCA 28 Cited cited 2,785×[1981] HCA 26 Cited cited 693×[1994] HCA 15 Cited cited 371×[1995] HCA 20 Cited cited 502×[1997] HCA 4 Cited cited 414×[1998] HCA 11 Cited cited 2,226×[1936] HCA 40 Cited cited 4,342×[1990] HCA 59 Cited cited 1,384×[1997] HCA 6 Cited cited 1,033×[1997] HCA 1 Cited cited 613×[2003] HCA 22 Cited cited 1,476×[1979] HCA 9 Cited cited 595×(1987) 10 NSWLR 247 Cited cited 804×[1993] HCA 78 Cited cited 520×[1999] HCA 3 Cited cited 463×[2004] HCA 52 Cited cited 984×[2011] HCA 17 Applied or followed cited 15×[1976] HCA 7 Cited cited 87×[1990] HCA 6 Cited cited 184×[1997] HCA 2 Cited cited 792×[1981] HCA 26 Cited cited 693×[1985] HCA 48 Cited cited 194×[1989] HCA 8 Cited cited 124×(1991) 25 NSWLR 358 Cited cited 125×[2000] HCA 35 Cited cited 95×[1979] HCA 51 Cited cited 335×[1982] HCA 29 Cited cited 129×[1983] HCA 11 Cited cited 317×[1989] HCA 63 Cited cited 134×[2009] HCA 41 Cited cited 830×[1955] HCA 27 Cited cited 194×[1981] HCA 26 Cited cited 693×[1997] HCA 2 Cited cited 792×[1998] HCA 28 Cited cited 2,785×[2010] HCA 23 Cited cited 283×[1985] HCA 81 Cited cited 1,205×[1998] HCA 28 Cited cited 2,785×[2000] HCA 57 Cited cited 962×[2003] HCA 2 Cited cited 1,335×Later cases citing this one, in order of decision, and the cases citing them in turn. The most cited are shown at each level.
[2016] FCAFC 132 Cited cited 3×[2016] FCAFC 157 Cited[2017] FCAFC 147 Cited cited 1×[2020] FCAFC 105 Cited cited 4×[2023] FCAFC 142 Cited cited 3×[2023] FCA 1613 Cited cited 3×[2024] FCAFC 86 Cited cited 2×[2025] HCA 30 CitedEarliest first, with how this judgment treated each.
[1905] AC 454
Cited cited 26× [1907] HCA 82
Cited cited 293× (1929) 1 ABC 90
Cited cited 4× (1931) 3 ABC 245
Cited cited 2× (1933) 6 ABC 49
Cited cited 8× (1945) 70 CLR 555
Applied or followed cited 2× [1963] HCA 21
Cited cited 108× (1971) 123 CLR 348
Applied or followed (1977) 17 ALR 421
Cited cited 6× (1977) 8 ATR 154
Cited cited 2× (1981) 147 CLR 441
Cited cited 23× (1987) 15 FCR 363
Cited cited 5× (1987) 7 AAR 248
Cited cited 3× (1987) 75 ALR 287
Cited cited 7× (1988) 81 ATR 1352
Cited (1989) 90 ALR 457
Cited cited 25× [1989] FCA 720
Cited cited 6× (1990) 21 ATR 1123
Cited cited 7× (1991) 4 ASCR 586
Applied or followed (1993) 32 NSWLR 735
Distinguished cited 6× (1995) 30 ATR 400
Cited cited 2× (1996) 33 ATR 438
Cited cited 5× [1997] HCA 37
Cited cited 31× [1999] 2 Qd R 542
Cited cited 2× [2001] FCA 1833
Cited cited 659× (2002) 114 IR 318
Distinguished (2002) 190 ALR 554
Distinguished cited 2× (2002) 50 ATR 1076
Cited cited 2× (2002) 51 ATR 209
Cited cited 2× [2003] FCA 977
Cited cited 38× [2004] HCA 35
Applied or followed cited 554× [2004] HCA 52
Applied or followed cited 984× [2007] FCAFC 107
Applied or followed cited 8× [2009] NSWCA 407
Applied or followed cited 318× [2010] FCA 324
Applied or followed cited 9× [2010] FCAFC 134
Cited cited 10× [2011] HCA 17
Applied or followed cited 15× Citations are read from the text of each indexed judgment. A report citation written alongside a neutral citation, such as [2008] HCA 9; (2008) 234 CLR 50, teaches the citator that both name the same case, so later citations by either are counted together.
Treatment is read from the words in the sentence that cites the case: overruled or disapproved; not followed or declined to follow; distinguished or distinguishable; doubted; applied, followed or adopted. Anything else is cited. It is a guide to which judgments to read, not a judicial history: a judgment that discusses a case at length without one of those words is shown as citing it, and one mentioning several cases in a sentence may attach the word to all of them.
Only judgments in this index are counted, mostly the High Court, the Federal Court and New South Wales courts and tribunals since 2006. Earlier cases appear as authorities but their own authorities are unknown, so a tree ends there. Check a treatment by reading the passage before relying on it.
Judgment text is from the Open Australian Legal Corpus (Isaacus, CC BY 4.0) and the courts’ own websites. Each judgment links to its official version: read it before relying on anything here.